Journal: Nanomaterials

Article Title: The Effect of Fabrication Error on the Performance of Mid-Infrared Metalens with Large Field-of-View

doi: 10.3390/nano13030440

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) Schematic diagram of the large FOV doublet metalens. ( b ) Schematic diagram of basic dimensions of the large FOV doublet metalens. ( c , d ) Ideal phase distribution of the CL and the FL. ( e ) MTF curves at each FOV and the diffraction limit.

Article Snippet: Before using ZEMAX for ray tracing optimization, we first determined that the doublet metalens substrate is BaF2, which is a low refractive index material commonly used in infrared, and the metalens layer (layers of Binary 2) is made of Si, a high refractive index material, and the high refractive index contrast of the two materials could enhance the phase modulation of micro-nano structures [ ]. b displays the basic dimensions of the doublet metalens optimized by ZEMAX, where the diameters of the CL and the FL are 40 μm and 74 μm respectively, the thickness of the substrate is 58 μm, FOV is 40°. c,d shows the ideal phase distribution of the doublet metalens.

Techniques:

Journal: Nanophotonics

Article Title: Neural network enabled wide field-of-view imaging with hyperbolic metalenses

doi: 10.1515/nanoph-2025-0354

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fabrication of the hyperbolic metalens and the imaging setup. (a) Schematic of the hexagonal unit cell of the metalens with a lattice constant of a = 350 nm, consisting of cylindrical nanopillars with a height of H = 500 nm and diameters, D , ranging from 140 nm to 264 nm. (b) Optical image of a wafer with an array of metalenses patterned using deep UV immersion photolithography. (c, d) Scanning electron micrographs of the metalens depicting the patterned a-Si nanopillars on a glass substrate. (e) The simulated phase and transmittance of uniform a-Si nanopillar arrays with height of 500 nm and diameters ranging from 140 to 264 nm with a step size of 2 nm. (f) Optical image of the fabricated 5 mm diameter metalens. (g) Optical image of the hyperbolic metalens camera used in imaging, where the (h) metalens (white circle) is mounted directly in front of the CMOS detector (red square).

Article Snippet: The hyperbolic metalens camera comprises only two components ( ): the metalens and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) detector (Thorlabs, Zelux-CS165MU), resulting in an ultra-compact design.

Techniques: Imaging

Journal: Nanophotonics

Article Title: Neural network enabled wide field-of-view imaging with hyperbolic metalenses

doi: 10.1515/nanoph-2025-0354

Figure Lengend Snippet: Characterization of the hyperbolic metalens. (a) Optical setup for angles of incidence dependent optical characterization of the hyperbolic metalens PSFs. The laser (850 nm wavelength) output isexpanded using two lenses and an aperture to distribute the intensity uniformly across the metalens. These are mounted on a rotating arm of a goniometer that enables different AOI illumination on the metalens. The metalens focuses the collimated laser at the focal plane, which is then imaged onto the CMOS detector using an objective lens (Olympus, MPLAPON100X) and a tube lens (150 mm focal distance). (b) (top) Experimentally measured PSFs at different angles of incidence compared to (middle) simulated PSFs for the hyperbolic metalens. We use a log-normalized colormap for better visualization of these PSFs. The scalebars (white) have sizes of 10 µm and 2 µm for the main image and its inset, respectively. (bottom) The horizontal line profiles of the measured (red) and simulated (blue) PSFs.

Article Snippet: The hyperbolic metalens camera comprises only two components ( ): the metalens and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) detector (Thorlabs, Zelux-CS165MU), resulting in an ultra-compact design.

Techniques:

Journal: Nanophotonics

Article Title: Neural network enabled wide field-of-view imaging with hyperbolic metalenses

doi: 10.1515/nanoph-2025-0354

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic for computational deblurring using the Restormer architecture trained on eigenPSF-simulated images. (a) The hyperbolic metalens is characterized using the measured PSFs, and the flatfield records the noise profile of the imaging system. (b) Simulated images are obtained using the eigenPSF method to apply spatially varying blur on the ground truth dataset, and further corrupted by noise created by augmenting the flatfield measurement. (c) The Restormer architecture is used to deblur and denoise the images. Illustration created using PlotNeuralNet .

Article Snippet: The hyperbolic metalens camera comprises only two components ( ): the metalens and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) detector (Thorlabs, Zelux-CS165MU), resulting in an ultra-compact design.

Techniques: Imaging

Journal: Nanophotonics

Article Title: Neural network enabled wide field-of-view imaging with hyperbolic metalenses

doi: 10.1515/nanoph-2025-0354

Figure Lengend Snippet: Deblurring images from the hyperbolic metalens camera using the trained, reference-free Restormer network. The (a) measured and (b) deblurred images of scenes taken around a lab. The (c) measured and (d) deblurred images of printed photos placed before the camera. All images have the same angular FOV of 54°.

Article Snippet: The hyperbolic metalens camera comprises only two components ( ): the metalens and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) detector (Thorlabs, Zelux-CS165MU), resulting in an ultra-compact design.

Techniques:

Journal: Nanophotonics

Article Title: Neural network enabled wide field-of-view imaging with hyperbolic metalenses

doi: 10.1515/nanoph-2025-0354

Figure Lengend Snippet: Deblurring images from the hyperbolic metalens camera with varying illumination direction and obstructions. The (a) measured and (b) deblurred images of the same lab scene under different lighting. The (c) measured and (d) deblurred images of a printed USAF card, where the card was tilted in the last column. All images have the same angular FOV of 54°.

Article Snippet: The hyperbolic metalens camera comprises only two components ( ): the metalens and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) detector (Thorlabs, Zelux-CS165MU), resulting in an ultra-compact design.

Techniques: